| no |
| 1. adv. no | |
| 2. adv. not | |
| 3. interj. eh? (used as a tag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said) | |
| 4. n-m. no | |
| 5. n-m. abbreviation of número; no. | |
| deberías |
| 1. v. informal second-person singular conditional of deber | |
| deber |
| 1. v. to owe | |
| Debo mucho dinero. (I owe a lot of money.) | |
| 2. v. (auxiliary) must, to need to, to have to (rarely used in the conditional with this meaning) | |
| Debo estudiar. (I must study.) | |
| Eso debe haber sido muy difícil. - That must have been really hard. | |
| 3. v. (auxiliary) should, to ought to, to be supposed to, to be to | |
| Debería haber un plan en marcha. - There should be a plan in place. | |
| La gente no debería mensajear y conducir. - People aren't supposed to text and drive. | |
| Deberías disculparte. - You ought to apologize. | |
| Usted debe despertarse antes del amanecer. - You are to be up before sunrise. | |
| Los niños deberían dormir un poco. - The children should get some sleep. | |
| 4. v. (auxiliary) should have (in the preterite; having haber follow "deber" is optional and not required) | |
| Debiste esperarme. - You should have waited for me. | |
| Debiste haberme esperado. - You should have waited for me. | |
| 5. v. (auxiliary) shall (future tense usually) | |
| 6. v. to be due to, to be attributable to, to be the result of, to be caused by | |
| 7. v. (with de and infinitive) probably or most likely do or happen something (add a degree of insecurity to the verb) | |
| Debes de viajar por avión, China está muy lejos. (You should probably travel by plane, China is very far away.) | |
| 8. n-m. obligation, duty | |
| 9. n-m. debt | |
| 10. n-m. should, ought (modal noun) | |
| 11. n-m. (usually in the plural) homework | |
| mirar |
| 1. v. to look at (to try to see, to pay attention to with one’s eyes) | |
| 2. v. to watch (to look at, view, or observe for a period of time) | |
| Estábamos mirando la televisión. - We were watching TV. | |
| 3. v. to watch (to mind, attend, or guard) | |
| 4. v. to consider, think over (to think about seriously) | |
| 5. v. (used for emphasis); look | |
| ¡Mira qué linda! - How pretty! | |
| ¡Mirad! Este es el hombre quien hurta entre vosotros, a él se le debe atribuir esto. - Behold! This is the man who is stealing amongst you all, to him this must be attributed. | |
| ¡Mirad! Allí está el que os engaño, ¡agarradlo todos vosotros! - Look! There is the one who deceived you all, all of you, get him! | |
| 6. v. to seek, look for (to try to find) | |
| 7. v. to look (to try to see something, to pay attention with one’s eyes) | |
| 8. v. to face, overlook (to be oriented towards a certain direction or thing) | |
| 9. v. to look at oneself | |
| por |
| 1. prep. by (indicates the creator of a work) | |
| La novela Cien años de soledad fue escrita por Gabriel García Márquez. - The novel One Hundred Years of Solitude was written by Gabriel García Márquez. | |
| 2. prep. for (indicates something given in an exchange) | |
| Lo compré por cincuenta euros. - I bought this for fifty euros. | |
| 3. prep. through, out, via (indicating movement) | |
| La mujer ve la puesta de sol por la ventana. - The woman watches the sunset through the window. | |
| Supongo que nuestra huésped se fue por la puerta trasera porque no la he visto. - I guess our guest went out the back door because I haven't seen her. | |
| 4. prep. across (indicating movement) | |
| El hombre camina por la calle. - The man walks across the street. | |
| 5. prep. about | |
| 6. prep. due to, because of, for, for the sake of, out of (to express cause or motive) | |
| Él no pudo venir por eso. - He couldn't come due to that. | |
| Por amor a su esposo, ella aguanta a sus suegros. - Out of love for her husband, she puts up with his in-laws. | |
| 7. prep. (used with directions) over | |
| por allí - over there | |
| 8. prep. (mathematics) times, by, multiplied by | |
| ocho por siete - eights times seven; eights by seven | |
| 9. prep. according to, for, regarding (to express opinion or something concerning someone) | |
| Por mí, está bien. - For all I care, it's fine. | |
| ¡Bien por ti! - Good for you! | |
| 10. prep. via, through, by (indicating the means of something) | |
| Por favor, devuelva este documento completado por correo electrónico. - Please, return this document completed via email. | |
| 11. prep. for (indicating duration) | |
| Mi profesor se salió por la tangente por una hora entera. - My professor went off on a tangent for a whole hour. | |
| 12. prep. for, for the sake of, on behalf of (indicating doing something for someone's benefit) | |
| No lo hago por ti. - I'm not doing it for your sake. | |
| Ella irá a trabajar por mí mañana. - She will be filling in for me at work tomorrow. | |
| 13. prep. per, for each | |
| Cuesta diez dólares por artículo. - It costs ten dollars per item. | |
| 14. prep. to (indicating something that has not yet passed) | |
| Eso está por ver. - That remains to be seen. | |
| La hora aún está por confirmar. - The time is yet to be confirmed. | |
| 15. prep. about to (indicating something that will soon happen) | |
| Su hermana está por llegar del aeropuerto en cualquier momento. - Her sister is about to arrive from the airport any minute now. | |
| 16. prep. compared to; against; versus (indicating a comparison) | |
| encima |
| 1. adv. on top | |
| 2. adv. on oneself | |
| No tengo dinero encima. - I don't have money on me. | |
| 3. adv. over oneself | |
| 4. adv. additionally | |
| 5. adv. nevertheless, still | |
| 6. adv. to top it off, on top of that | |
| por encima |
| 1. adv. roughly; vaguely; on the surface | |
| 2. adv. over, above | |
| del |
| 1. contraction. of the, from the (+ a masculine noun in singular). | |
| de |
| 1. prep. of; 's; (used after the thing owned and before the owner) | |
| Constitución española de 1812 - Spanish constitution of 1812 | |
| la cola del perro - the dog’s tail | |
| 2. prep. from (with the source or provenance of or at) | |
| Soy de España. - I’m from Spain. | |
| agua de manantial - springwater | |
| 3. prep. of (expressing composition, substance) | |
| una mesa de madera - a wooden table | |
| 4. prep. about (concerning; with regard to) | |
| Están hablando del pasado. - They're talking about the past. | |
| tratarse de - to be about; to concern | |
| 5. prep. of, from (indicating cause) | |
| Murió de hambre. - He died of hunger. | |
| 6. prep. of (indicates a quality or characteristic) | |
| un hombre de fe - a man of faith | |
| 7. prep. from (with the origin, starting point or initial reference of or at) | |
| el vuelo de Miami a Chicago - the flight from Miami to Chicago | |
| 8. prep. of (indicates the subject or cause of the adjective) | |
| harto de - sick of; tired of | |
| 9. prep. from (with the separation, exclusion or differentiation of) | |
| Nos protege del frío. - It protects us from the cold. | |
| 10. prep. than (in certain phrases) | |
| más de - more than | |
| menos de - less than, fewer than | |
| 11. prep. (used to construct compound nouns (with attributive nouns)) | |
| campamento de verano - summer camp | |
| 12. prep. (followed by the infinitive) (indicates a conditional desire) | |
| De haberlo sabido, no lo habría dicho. - If I had known, I wouldn't have said it. | |
| 13. prep. indicates a time of day or period of someone's life | |
| de día - during the daytime | |
| de niño - as a child; during childhood | |
| 14. prep. (after a noun and before a verb) (indicates the purpose of an object) | |
| goma de mascar - chewing gum | |
| caña de pescar - fishing rod | |
| el |
| 1. art. (masculine singular definite article); the | |
| 2. art. feminine singular definite article used before nouns which start with a stressed 'a': | |
| el alma, las almas - the soul, the souls | |
| el hacha, las hachas - the axe, the axes | |
| hombro |
| 1. n-m. (anatomy) shoulder | |
| a |
| 1. prep. to | |
| 2. prep. by | |
| 3. prep. at | |
| 4. prep. ng-lite, Used before words referring to people, pets, or personified objects or places that function as direct objects: personal a. | |
| Lo busca a usted. - He is looking for you. | |
| una |
| 1. n-f. feminine of uno | |
| a la una, a las dos y a las tres - after three...one, two, three | |
| 2. art. feminine singular of un | |
| 3. det. feminine singular of uno | |
| 4. pron. one (an indefinite plural pronoun using a singular feminine item, used for females) | |
| 5. v. third-person singular present subjunctive of unir | |
| unir |
| 1. v. to unite, join | |
| ¡Únete al sindicato! (Join up with the union!) | |
| 2. v. to merge, conflate | |
| un |
| 1. art. a | |
| 2. num. (before the noun) apocopic form of uno one | |
| persona |
| 1. n-f. person (an individual; usually a human being) | |
| por |
| 1. prep. by (indicates the creator of a work) | |
| La novela Cien años de soledad fue escrita por Gabriel García Márquez. - The novel One Hundred Years of Solitude was written by Gabriel García Márquez. | |
| 2. prep. for (indicates something given in an exchange) | |
| Lo compré por cincuenta euros. - I bought this for fifty euros. | |
| 3. prep. through, out, via (indicating movement) | |
| La mujer ve la puesta de sol por la ventana. - The woman watches the sunset through the window. | |
| Supongo que nuestra huésped se fue por la puerta trasera porque no la he visto. - I guess our guest went out the back door because I haven't seen her. | |
| 4. prep. across (indicating movement) | |
| El hombre camina por la calle. - The man walks across the street. | |
| 5. prep. about | |
| 6. prep. due to, because of, for, for the sake of, out of (to express cause or motive) | |
| Él no pudo venir por eso. - He couldn't come due to that. | |
| Por amor a su esposo, ella aguanta a sus suegros. - Out of love for her husband, she puts up with his in-laws. | |
| 7. prep. (used with directions) over | |
| por allí - over there | |
| 8. prep. (mathematics) times, by, multiplied by | |
| ocho por siete - eights times seven; eights by seven | |
| 9. prep. according to, for, regarding (to express opinion or something concerning someone) | |
| Por mí, está bien. - For all I care, it's fine. | |
| ¡Bien por ti! - Good for you! | |
| 10. prep. via, through, by (indicating the means of something) | |
| Por favor, devuelva este documento completado por correo electrónico. - Please, return this document completed via email. | |
| 11. prep. for (indicating duration) | |
| Mi profesor se salió por la tangente por una hora entera. - My professor went off on a tangent for a whole hour. | |
| 12. prep. for, for the sake of, on behalf of (indicating doing something for someone's benefit) | |
| No lo hago por ti. - I'm not doing it for your sake. | |
| Ella irá a trabajar por mí mañana. - She will be filling in for me at work tomorrow. | |
| 13. prep. per, for each | |
| Cuesta diez dólares por artículo. - It costs ten dollars per item. | |
| 14. prep. to (indicating something that has not yet passed) | |
| Eso está por ver. - That remains to be seen. | |
| La hora aún está por confirmar. - The time is yet to be confirmed. | |
| 15. prep. about to (indicating something that will soon happen) | |
| Su hermana está por llegar del aeropuerto en cualquier momento. - Her sister is about to arrive from the airport any minute now. | |
| 16. prep. compared to; against; versus (indicating a comparison) | |
| ser |
| 1. v. to be (essentially or identified as) | |
| Yo soy de los Estados Unidos. - I am from the United States. | |
| Errar es humano. - To err is human. | |
| 2. v. to be (in the passive voice sense) | |
| La guitarra fue tocada. - The guitar was played. | |
| 3. v. to exist; to occur | |
| La fiesta será mañana. - The party will be tomorrow. | |
| 4. n-m. a being, organism | |
| 5. n-m. nature, essence | |
| 6. n-m. value, worth | |
| pobre |
| 1. adj. (before the noun) poor (pitiable, pitiful) | |
| Mi pobre vecino siempre está llorando. - My poor neighbor is always crying. | |
| 2. adj. (after the noun) poor (lacking money, resources, etc.) | |
| Se relajan las familias ricas en casas lujosas y las familias pobres tiran en chozas desmoronadas. - The rich families relax in luxurious houses and the poor families get by in dilapidated huts | |
