qui |
1. pron. (interrogative) who, whom | |
Tu as vu qui ? - Who have you seen? | |
Je ne sais pas qui vous êtes. - I don't know who you are. | |
2. pron. (relative) who, whom (after a preposition), which, that | |
La personne qui parle connait bien son sujet. - The person who speaks knows his/her subject well. | |
Cette voiture bleue qui passe me plait beaucoup. - This blue car which is passing I like a lot. | |
J’aime les chiens qui sont calmes. - I like dogs that are quiet. | |
Un homme à qui j’ai parlé. - A man to whom I spoke/have spoken. | |
Si lugubre que fût l’appartement, c’était un paradis pour qui revenait du lycée. - Gloomy as the apartment was, it was still a paradise for those who came back from school. | |
Rira bien qui rira le dernier. - Who laughs last laughs well. | |
3. conj. (Louisiana French, Cajun French) if | |
Qui elle en a, ça va faire. - If she has any, that will do. | |
est |
1. adj. east | |
2. n-m. east | |
3. v. third-person singular present indicative of être | |
être |
1. v. to be | |
Vous devez être plus clairs. - You must be clearer. | |
2. v. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of (including all reflexive verbs) | |
Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi. - After having gone to yoga, I came back home. | |
3. v. (semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice) | |
Il peut être battu ce soir. - He can be beaten this evening. | |
4. n-m. being, creature | |
5. n-m. being, the state or fact of existence | |
succinct |
1. adj. succinct | |
2. adj. (informal, figurative) light | |
un repas succinct - a light meal | |
3. adj. (by extension) concise in its intentions | |
court |
1. adj. short | |
2. v. third-person singular present indicative of courir | |
3. n-m. (tennis) court | |
courir |
1. v. to run | |
2. v. to hurry; to rush | |
3. v. (Louisiana French) to go | |
Courez chercher mon livre! - Go get my book! | |
abrégé |
1. n-m. a summarized synopsis or précis of a longer work | |
2. n-m. a small book or written work summarizing the major points of a general topic | |
3. Participle. past participle of abréger | |
abréger |
1. v. to shorten in duration | |
2. v. to shorten (in textual length) or summarize, to abridge | |
3. v. to abbreviate | |
qui |
1. pron. (interrogative) who, whom | |
Tu as vu qui ? - Who have you seen? | |
Je ne sais pas qui vous êtes. - I don't know who you are. | |
2. pron. (relative) who, whom (after a preposition), which, that | |
La personne qui parle connait bien son sujet. - The person who speaks knows his/her subject well. | |
Cette voiture bleue qui passe me plait beaucoup. - This blue car which is passing I like a lot. | |
J’aime les chiens qui sont calmes. - I like dogs that are quiet. | |
Un homme à qui j’ai parlé. - A man to whom I spoke/have spoken. | |
Si lugubre que fût l’appartement, c’était un paradis pour qui revenait du lycée. - Gloomy as the apartment was, it was still a paradise for those who came back from school. | |
Rira bien qui rira le dernier. - Who laughs last laughs well. | |
3. conj. (Louisiana French, Cajun French) if | |
Qui elle en a, ça va faire. - If she has any, that will do. | |
expose |
1. v. first-person singular present of exposer | |
2. v. third-person singular present of exposer | |
3. v. second-person singular imperative of exposer | |
exposer |
1. v. to expose | |
2. v. to exhibit | |
un |
1. art. an, a | |
2. num. number box, fr | |
3. num. one | |
4. pron. one, someone | |
5. n-m. one (the number or figure) | |
sujet |
1. adj. subject | |
sujet à - subject to | |
2. n-m. subject (in a monarchy) | |
3. n-m. (grammar) subject | |
4. n-m. subject (topic, theme) | |
5. n-m. cause, reason | |
6. n-m. exam paper (on which the questions or tasks of an examination are written) | |
en |
1. prep. in (used to indicate space, also see usage notes) | |
J'habite en Angleterre. - I live in England. | |
2. prep. to (indicates direction towards certain very large locations, see usage notes) | |
Il est allé en France. - He went to France. | |
3. prep. by (used to indicate means) | |
aller en bus - go by bus | |
partir en voiture - leave by car | |
4. prep. as | |
Il me traite en ami. - He treats me as a friend. | |
habillé en père Noël - dressed as Father Christmas | |
5. prep. at (used to describe an ability) | |
fort en histoire - good at history | |
6. prep. of, made of (used to describe composition) | |
une chaise en hêtre - a chair made of beech/a beech chair | |
une fourchette en métal - a fork made of metal/a metal fork | |
7. prep. in (during the following time (used for months and years)) | |
en 1993 - in 1993 | |
en janvier - in January | |
en septembre 2001 - in September 2001 | |
8. prep. (followed by a gerund) while | |
9. prep. (followed by a gerund) by, in describing a way of getting something | |
C'est en trichant qu'il est devenu champion. - It was by cheating that he became champion. | |
10. prep. in (used to describe color) | |
une photo en noir et blanc - a photo in black and white | |
11. prep. in (used to describe feelings) | |
en détresse - in distress | |
12. prep. in (as part of something) | |
en équipe - on a team | |
13. pron. (Used as the object of a verb to indicate an indefinite quantity; of it, of them. Replaces the partitive article (du, de la, etc.)) | |
Essaies-en ! - Try some (of it / them)! | |
Tu as combien de livres ? J'en ai trois. - How many books do you have? I have three (of them). | |
Y a-t-il beaucoup de pièces ? Oui. Il y en a beaucoup. - Are there many rooms? Yes, there are many (of them). | |
Martin a trois sandwichs, mais j'en ai seulement deux. - Martin has three sandwiches, but I have only two (of them). | |
Il y en a combien ? - How many of them are there? | |
Je bois de l'alcool parce que j'en ai besoin - I drink alcohol because I need (of) it. | |
14. pron. Adverbial preposition indicating movement away from a place already mentioned; from there, from it. Replaces the phrase de là or d’ici. | |
Est-ce qu'elle vient de Barcelone ? Oui, elle en vient. - Does she come from Barcelona? Yes, she comes (from there). | |
peu |
1. adv. little; not very much/many | |
Il est peu intelligent. - He is little intelligent. | |
Pour obtenir de bons prix certains négociateurs emploieraient parfois des méthodes peu conventionnelles - To get good prices, certain negotiators sometimes employ unconventional methods | |
2. n-m. few | |
peu de gens sont d'accord - few people agree | |
Beaucoup sont appelés mais peu sont élus. - Many are called but few are elected. | |
Le peu de services qu’il a rendus ont paru mériter une récompense. - The few services he gave seemed deserving of a reward. | |
Le peu de qualités dont il a fait preuve l’a fait éconduire. | |
3. n-m. little | |
un peu - a little | |
Je te donne le peu d'argent que j'ai - I'll give you the little money I have | |
Je n'aime pas beaucoup ce café mais j'en ai bu un peu - I don't like this coffee very much but I drank some of it | |
Les galaxies lenticulaires ont perdu ou transformé la majorité de leur matière interstellaire, si bien qu'on n'y observe que très peu de formation d'étoiles, alors même qu'elles peuvent conteni | |
de |
1. prep. of (expresses belonging) | |
Paris est la capitale de la France. - Paris is the capital of France. | |
2. prep. of (used to express property or association) | |
Œuvres de Fermat - Fermat’s Works | |
Elle est la femme de mon ami. - She is my friend’s wife. | |
le voisin de Gabriel - Gabriel's neighbor | |
3. prep. from (used to indicate origin) | |
Elle vient de France. - She comes from France. | |
Êtes-vous de Suisse ? - Are you from Switzerland? | |
Ce fromage vient d’Espagne. - This cheese is from Spain. | |
C’est de l’ouest de la France. - It’s from the west of France. | |
Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux. - The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux. | |
4. prep. of (indicates an amount) | |
5 kilos de pommes. - 5 kilograms of apples. | |
Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
Une portion de frites - A portion of fries | |
5. prep. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word | |
Un jus de pomme - Apple juice | |
Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
Une boîte de nuit - A nightclub | |
Un chien de garde - A guarddog | |
Une voiture de sport - A sportscar | |
Un stade de football - A football stadium | |
6. prep. from (used to indicate the start of a time or range) | |
De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre. - From 9 to 11 I won’t be free. | |
Je travaille de huit heures à midi. - I work from 8 o'clock to noon. | |
un groupe de cinq à huit personnes - a group of from five to eight people | |
7. prep. used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translated into English as a gerund or an infinitive | |
J’ai arrêté de fumer. - I stopped smoking. | |
Il continue de m’embêter. - He keeps annoying me. | |
Elle m’a dit de venir. - She told me to come. | |
Nous vous exhortons de venir. - We urge you to come. | |
8. prep. by (indicates the amount of change) | |
Boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. - Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illness by 20%. | |
9. art. Used in the plural with prepositioned adjectives. | |
Ce sont de bons enfants. - They are good children. | |
Il y a d’autres exemples. - There are other examples. | |
10. art. Used in negated sentences with the grammatical object. | |
Elle n’a pas de mère. - She doesn’t have a mother. | |
Il ne mange pas de viande. - He doesn’t eat meat. | |
Il n’y a pas de problèmes. - There are no problems. | |
11. n-f. abbreviation of dame | |
paroles |
1. n. plural of parole | |
2. n. (music) lyrics, words (of a song) | |
parole |
1. n-f. (the power of) speech, language (gloss, the faculty of using spoken language to communicate or express thought, the usage of this faculty, and the words articulated through its use) | |
la parole et l'écriture - speech and writing | |
(co, perdre la parole / perdre l'usage de la parole, to lose one's ability to speak) | |
avoir la parole facile - to speak easily, to be well-spoken | |
Les animaux manquent la parole. - Animals lack speech | |
2. n-f. word(s) utterance, expression (an orally articulated unit of discourse) | |
3. n-f. voice, spoken word | |
4. n-f. (in the plural) lyrics, words (of a song) | |
les paroles d'une chanson - the words of a song, lyrics of a song | |
5. n-f. promise, word | |
belles paroles - empty promise(s), lit=pretty words | |
tenir parole - to keep one's word | |
donner sa parole - to give one's word | |
être fidèle à sa parole - to be true to one's word | |
manquer à sa parole - to break one's word | |
revenir sur sa parole - to go back on one's word | |
croire sur parole - to take one's word | |
Il tient parole. - He keeps his word. | |
6. n-f. floor (the right to speak, as, for example, in a legislative assembly) | |
avoir la parole - to have the floor | |
prendre la parole - to take the floor | |
donner, céder, passer, ou laisser la parole à quelqu'un - to give someone the floor | |
couper la parole à quelqu'un, ou lui ôter la parole - to cut someone off | |
Le député a la parole. - The member has the floor. | |