Common French Words

A list of the most common French words ordered by their frequency of use. You can use this list to learn words efficiently, ensuring you cover the basic vocabulary of French.

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1	de
1. prep. of (expresses belonging)
Paris est la capitale de la France. - Paris is the capital of France.
2. prep. of (used to express property or association)
Œuvres de Fermat - Fermat’s Works
Elle est la femme de mon ami. - She is my friend’s wife.
	pleine de traits
	et boule de suif raconta
2	le
1. art. The (definite article).
Le lait du matin. - The milk of the morning.
Je suis le valeureux Don Quichotte de la Manche, le défaiseur de torts et le réparateur d’iniquités. - I am the valiant Don Quixote of La Mancha, the undoer of wrongs and the repairer of iniqui
2. art. Used before abstract nouns; not translated in English.
3. art. (before parts of the body) The; my, your, etc.
	le froid
	mais le comte
3	la
1. art. the (definite article).
2. pron. her, it (direct object).
3. n-m. (music) la, the note 'A'.
	la nuit tombait
	mais, à la fin
4	et
1. conj. and
	et chacun
	et, ensuite
5	que
1. conj. that (introduces a noun clause and connects it to its parent clause)
Je vois que tu parles bien français. — I see that you speak French well.
2. conj. (used with ne) only (ne ... que parses roughly as "(does) not / nothing ... other than")
Je ne mange que des fruits. — I eat only fruits.
3. conj. Substitutes for another, previously stated conjunction.
	ce fut plus fort que moi!
	je vous dis que je l'ai vu
6	à
1. Letter. A with grave accent, a letter used in French mostly to distinguish some homographs and in transliteration.
2. prep. to (destination)
Je vais à Paris. - I am going to Paris.
aller au bout - go to the end / go all the way
3. prep. to (until)
	à l'ennemi
	mais tout à coup
7	les
1. art. plural of le: the
2. art. plural of la: the
3. pron. plural of le: them
4. pron. plural of la: them
	et les hommes
	il raconta les
8	ne
1. part. (literary) not (used alone to negate a verb; now chiefly with the verbs pouvoir, savoir, cesser and oser)
2. part. not, no (used before a verb, with a subsequent element following; see Usage Notes, below)
3. part. Used in a subordinate clause before a subjunctive verb (especially when the main verb expresses doubt or fear), to provide extra overtones of doubt or uncertainty (but not negating its verb); the so-c
4. part. In comparative clauses usually translated with the positive sense of the subsequent negative
apprendre le français est plus facile qu'on ne pense - learning French is easier than you think
	il ne se leva pas
	ne songeait à elle
9	un
1. art. an, a
2. num. one
3. n-m. one
4. pron. one
	qu'un soir
	d'un geste furieux
10	se
1. pron. The third-person reflexive and reciprocal direct and indirect object pronoun.
2. pron. (to) himself
3. pron. (to) herself
4. pron. (to) oneself
5. pron. (to) itself
	se retira
	il se leva
11	il
1. pron. he (third-person singular masculine subject pronoun for human subject)
2. pron. it (third-person singular subject pronoun for grammatically masculine objects)
3. pron. Impersonal subject; it
Il pleut. - It’s raining.
	il se leva
	il remercia
12	en
1. prep. in (used to indicate space)
J'habite en Angleterre. - I live in England.
2. prep. by (used to indicate means)
aller en bus - go by bus
partir en voiture - leave by car
	il s'en aperçut
	en pleine lumière
13	des
1. art. plural of un; some; the plural indefinite article.
2. art. plural of une; some; the plural indefinite article.
3. art. plural of du; some; the plural partitive article.
4. art. plural of de la; some; the plural partitive article.
5. art. plural of de l'; some; the plural partitive article.
	des fruits
	avec des fusils
	de
1. prep. of (expresses belonging)
2. prep. of (used to express property or association)
	les
1. art. plural of le: the
2. art. plural of la: the
3. pron. plural of le: them
4. pron. plural of la: them
	de l'
1. art. Some; the singular prevocalic partitive article.
14	une
1. num. feminine singular of un
2. art. a / an (feminine indefinite article)
3. n. front page (of a publication)
	une arme
	une infamie!
15	qui
1. pron. (interrogative) who, whom
2. pron. (relative) who, whom (after a preposition), which, that
La personne qui parle connait bien son sujet. - The person who speaks knows his/her subject well.
Cette voiture bleue qui passe me plait beaucoup. - This blue car which is passing I like a lot.
J’aime les chiens qui sont calmes. - I like dogs that are quiet.
	la nuit qui tombait
	qui pourrait en douter, madame
16	je
1. pron. I
	je suis partie
	je vous le jure
17	dans
1. prep. in (inside)
Il habite dans le quartier le plus riche de Paris. - He lives in the richest district of Paris.
2. prep. in, into (from outside, to inside)
Mettre l'argent dans la poche.
Put money into one's pocket.
	mais dans quel but
	étendu dans un fauteuil
18	ce
1. det. this, that
2. pron. it, this, that
	pour ce fait
	ce qu'il veut
19	du
1. contraction. contraction of de + le (of the)
2. contraction. contraction of de + le ; (forms the partitive article)
	fendre du bois
	en la protection du ciel
	de
1. prep. of (expresses belonging)
2. prep. of (used to express property or association)
	le
1. art. The (definite article).
2. art. Used before abstract nouns; not translated in English.
3. art. (before parts of the body) The; my, your, etc.
20	pas
1. n-m. step, pace, footstep
2. n-m. (geography) strait (e.g., Pas de Calais, "Strait of Dover")
3. adv. (ne ... pas) not
Je ne sais pas. - I don't know
4. adv. (colloquial, spoken) not
	che ne feux pas
	on ne répondit pas;

Dictionary entries from Wiktionary