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to
     1. part. A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
           I want to leave.
           He asked me what to do.
           I don’t know how to say it.
           I have places to go and people to see.
     2. part. As above, with the verb implied.
           "Did you visit the museum?" "I wanted to, but it was closed.".
           If he hasn't read it yet, he ought to.
     3. part. A particle used to create phrasal verbs.
           I have to do laundry today.
     4. prep. Indicating destination: In the direction of, and arriving at.
           We are walking to the shop.
     5. prep. Used to indicate purpose.
           He devoted himself to education.
           They drank to his health.
     6. prep. Used to indicate result of action.
           His face was beaten to a pulp.
     7. prep. Used after an adjective to indicate its application.
           similar to ..., relevant to ..., pertinent to ..., I was nice to him, he was cruel to her, I am used to walking.
     8. prep. (obsolete,) As a.
           With God to friend (with God as a friend);   with The Devil to fiend (with the Devil as a foe);   lambs slaughtered to lake (lambs slaughtered as a sacrifice);   t
     9. prep. (arithmetic) Used to indicate a ratio or comparison.
           one to one = 1:1
           ten to one = 10:1.
           I have ten dollars to your four.
     10. prep. (arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.
           Three squared or three to the second power is nine.
           Three to the power of two is nine.
           Three to the second is nine.
     11. prep. Used to indicate the indirect object.
           I gave the book to him.
     12. prep. (time) Preceding.
           ten to ten = 9:50; We're going to leave at ten to (the hour).
     13. prep. Used to describe what something consists of or contains.
           Anyone could do this job; there's nothing to it.
           There's a lot of sense to what he says.
     14. prep. (Canada, UK, Newfoundland, West Midlands) At.
           Stay where you're to and I'll come find you, b'y.
     15. adv. Toward a closed, touching or engaging position.
           Please push the door to.
     16. adv. (nautical) Into the wind.
     17. adv. misspelling of too
form
     1. n. To do with shape.:
     2. n.          The shape or visible structure of a thing or person.
     3. n.          A thing that gives shape to other things as in a mold.
     4. n.          (dated) A long bench with no back.
     5. n.          (fine arts) The boundary line of a material object. In painting, more generally, the human body.
     6. n.          (crystallography) The combination of planes included under a general crystallographic symbol. It is not necessarily a closed solid.
     7. n. (social) To do with structure or procedure.
     8. n.          An order of doing things, as in religious ritual.
     9. n.          Established method of expression or practice; fixed way of proceeding; conventional or stated scheme; formula.
     10. n.          Constitution; mode of construction, organization, etc.; system.
                   a republican form of government
     11. n.          Show without substance; empty, outside appearance; vain, trivial, or conventional ceremony; conventionality; formality.
                   a matter of mere form
     12. n.          (archaic) A class or rank in society.
     13. n.          (UK) A criminal record; loosely, past history (in a given area).
     14. n.          (education) A class or year of school pupils (often preceded by an ordinal number to specify the year, as in sixth form).
     15. n. A blank document or template to be filled in by the user.
           To apply for the position, complete the application form.
     16. n. Level of performance.
           The team's form has been poor this year.
           The orchestra was on top form this evening.
     17. n. (grammar) A grouping of words which maintain grammatical context in different usages; the particular shape or structure of a word or part of speech.
           participial forms;  verb forms
     18. n. The den or home of a hare.
     19. n. (computing, programming) A window or dialogue box.
     20. n. (taxonomy) An infraspecific rank.
     21. n. (printing, dated) The type or other matter from which an impression is to be taken, arranged and secured in a chase.
     22. n. (geometry) A quantic.
     23. n. (sports) A specific way of performing a movement.
     24. v. To assume (a certain shape or visible structure).
           When you kids form a straight line I'll hand out the lollies.
     25. v. To give (a shape or visible structure) to a thing or person.
           Roll out the dough to form a thin sheet.
     26. v. (intransitive) To take shape.
           When icicles start to form on the eaves you know the roads will be icy.
     27. v. To put together or bring into being; assemble.
           The socialists did not have enough MPs to form a government.
           Paul McCartney and John Lennon formed The Beatles in Liverpool in 1960.
     28. v. (transitive, linguistics) To create (a word) by inflection or derivation.
           By adding "-ness", you can form a noun from an adjective.
     29. v. To constitute, to compose, to make up.
           Teenagers form the bulk of extreme traffic offenders.
     30. v. To mould or model by instruction or discipline.
           Singing in a choir helps to form a child's sociality.
     31. v. To provide (a hare) with a form.
     32. v. (electrical, historical, transitive) To treat (plates) to prepare them for introduction into a storage battery, causing one plate to be composed more or less of spongy lead, and the other of lead pero
flutes
     1. n. plural of flute
     2. v. en-third person singular of flute
     flute
          1. n. (musical instruments) A woodwind instrument consisting of a tube with a row of holes that produce sound through vibrations caused by air blown across the edge of the holes, often tuned by plugging one
          2. n. (musical instruments, colloquial) A recorder, also a woodwind instrument.
          3. n. A glass with a long, narrow bowl and a long stem, used for drinking wine, especially champagne.
          4. n. a lengthwise groove, such as one of the lengthwise grooves on a classical column, or a groove on a cutting tool (such as a drill bit, endmill, or reamer), which helps to form both a cutting edge and a
          5. n. (architecture, firearms) A semicylindrical vertical groove, as in a pillar, in plaited cloth, or in a rifle barrel to cut down the weight.
          6. n. A long French bread roll.
          7. n. An organ stop with a flute-like sound.
          8. n. A shuttle in weaving tapestry etc.
          9. v. (intransitive) To play on a flute.
          10. v. (intransitive) To make a flutelike sound.
          11. v. To utter with a flutelike sound.
          12. v. To form flutes or channels in (as in a column, a ruffle, etc.); to cut a semicylindrical vertical groove in (as in a pillar, etc.).
          13. n. A kind of flyboat; a storeship.
or
     1. conj. Connects at least two alternative words, phrases, clauses, sentences, etc. each of which could make a passage true. In English, this is the "inclusive or." The "exclusive or" is formed by "either(...)
           In Ohio, anyone under the age of 18 who wants a tattoo or body piercing needs the consent of a parent or guardian.
           He might get cancer, or be hit by a bus, or God knows what.
     2. conj. (logic) An operator denoting the disjunction of two propositions or truth values. There are two forms, the inclusive or and the exclusive or.
     3. conj. Counts the elements before and after as two possibilities.
     4. conj. Otherwise (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false).
           It's raining! Come inside or you'll catch a cold!
     5. conj. Connects two equivalent names.
           The country Myanmar, or Burma
     6. n. (logic, electronics) alternative form of OR
     7. n. (tincture) The gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.
     8. adj. (tincture) Of gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.
     9. adv. (obsolete) Early (on).
     10. adv. (obsolete) Earlier, previously.
     11. prep. (now archaic, or dialect) Before; ere.
channels
     1. n. plural of channel
     2. n. (pluralonly) Formal lines of command and procedure.
           I'd love to be able to help you, but you'll have put that request through channels.
     3. v. third-person singular present indicative of channel
     channel
          1. n. The physical confine of a river or slough, consisting of a bed and banks.
                The water coming out of the waterwheel created a standing wave in the channel.
          2. n. The natural or man-made deeper course through a reef, bar, bay, or any shallow body of water.
                A channel was dredged to allow ocean-going vessels to reach the city.
          3. n. The navigable part of a river.
                We were careful to keep our boat in the channel.
          4. n. A narrow body of water between two land masses.
                The English Channel lies between France and England.
          5. n. That through which anything passes; means of conveying or transmitting.
                The news was conveyed to us by different channels.
          6. n. A gutter; a groove, as in a fluted column.
          7. n. (electronics) A connection between initiating and terminating nodes of a circuit.
                The guard-rail provided the channel between the downed wire and the tree.
          8. n. (electronics) The narrow conducting portion of a MOSFET transistor.
          9. n. (communication) The part that connects a data source to a data sink.
                A channel stretches between them.
          10. n. (communication) A path for conveying electrical or electromagnetic signals, usually distinguished from other parallel paths.
                We are using one of the 24 channels.
          11. n. (communication) A single path provided by a transmission medium via physical separation, such as by multipair cable.
                The channel is created by bonding the signals from these four pairs.
          12. n. (communication) A single path provided by a transmission medium via spectral or protocol separation, such as by frequency or time-division multiplexing.
                Their call is being carried on channel 6 of the T-1 line.
          13. n. (broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.
                KNDD is the channel at 107.7 MHz in Seattle.
          14. n. (broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television.
                NBC is on channel 11 in San Jose.
          15. n. (storage) The portion of a storage medium, such as a track or a band, that is accessible to a given reading or writing station or head.
                This chip in this disk drive is the channel device.
          16. n. (technic) The way in a turbine pump where the pressure is built up.
                The liquid is pressurized in the lateral channel.
          17. n. (business, marketing) A distribution channel
          18. n. (Internet) A particular area for conversations on an IRC network, analogous to a chatroom and often dedicated to a specific topic.
          19. n. (Internet) An obsolete means of delivering up-to-date Internet content.
          20. n. A psychic or medium who temporarily takes on the personality of somebody else.
          21. v. To make or cut a channel or groove in.
          22. v. To direct or guide along a desired course.
                We will channel the traffic to the left with these cones.
          23. v. (transitive, of a spirit, as of a dead person) To serve as a medium for.
                She was channeling the spirit of her late husband, Seth.
          24. v. To follow as a model, especially in a performance.
                He was trying to channel President Reagan, but the audience wasn't buying it.
                When it is my turn to sing karaoke, I am going to channel Ray Charles.
          25. n. (nautical) The wale of a sailing ship which projects beyond the gunwale and to which the shrouds attach via the chains. One of the flat ledges of heavy plank bolted edgewise to the outside of a vessel
in
     1. prep. Used to indicate location, inclusion, or position within spatial, temporal or other limits.
     2. prep.          Contained by.
                   The dog is in the kennel.
     3. prep.          Within.
     4. prep.          Surrounded by.
                   We are in the enemy camp.   Her plane is in the air.
     5. prep.          Part of; a member of.
                   One in a million.   She's in band and orchestra.
     6. prep.          Pertaining to; with regard to.
                   What grade did he get in English?
                   Military letters should be formal in tone, but not stilted.
     7. prep.          At the end of a period of time.
                   They said they would call us in a week.
     8. prep.          Within a certain elapsed time
                   Are you able to finish this in three hours?   The massacre resulted in over 1000 deaths in three hours.
     9. prep.          During (said of periods of time).
                   in the first week of December;  Easter falls in the fourth lunar month;   The country reached a high level of prosperity in his fi
     10. prep.          (grammar, phonetics, of sounds and letters) Coming at the end of a word.
                   English nouns in -ce form their plurals in -s.
     11. prep. Into.
           Less water gets in your boots this way.
     12. prep. Used to indicate limit, qualification, condition, or circumstance.
           In replacing the faucet washers, he felt he was making his contribution to the environment.
     13. prep.          Indicating an order or arrangement.
                   My fat rolls around in folds.
     14. prep.          Denoting a state of the subject.
                   He stalked away in anger.   John is in a coma.
     15. prep.          Indicates, connotatively, a place-like form of someone's (or something's) personality, as his, her or its psychic and physical characteristics.
                   You've got a friend in me.   He's met his match in her.
     16. prep.          Wearing (an item of clothing).
                    I glanced over at the pretty girl in the red dress.
     17. prep. Used to indicate means, medium, format, genre, or instrumentality.
     18. prep.          (of something offered or given in an exchange) In the form of, in the denomination of.
                   Please pay me in cash — preferably in tens and twenties.
                   The deposit can be in any legal tender, even in gold.
                    Her generosity was rewarded in the success of its recipients.
     19. prep.          Used to indicate a language, script, tone, etc. of a text, speech, etc.
                   Beethoven's "Symphony No. 5" in C minor is among his most popular.
                   His speech was in French, but was simultaneously translated into eight languages.
                   When you write in cursive, it's illegible.
     20. v. (obsolete, transitive) To enclose.
     21. v. (obsolete, transitive) To take in; to harvest.
     22. adv. (not comparable) Located indoors, especially at home or the office, or inside something.
           Is Mr. Smith in?
     23. adv. Moving to the interior of a defined space, such as a building or room.
           Suddenly a strange man walked in.
     24. adv. (sports) Still eligible to play, e.g. able to bat in cricket and baseball.
           He went for the wild toss but wasn't able to stay in.
     25. adv. (UK) Abbreviation of in aid of.
           What's that in?
     26. adv. After the beginning of something.
     27. n. A position of power or a way to get it.
           His parents got him an in with the company
     28. n. (sport) The state of a batter/batsman who is currently batting – see innings
     29. n. A re-entrant angle; a nook or corner.
     30. adj. In fashion; popular.
           Skirts are in this year.
     31. adj. Incoming.
           the in train
     32. adj. (nautical, of the sails of a vessel) Furled or stowed.
     33. adj. (legal) With privilege or possession; used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin.
           in by descent; in by purchase; in of the seisin of her husband
     34. adj. (cricket) Currently batting.
     35. n. Inch.
As
     1. n. plural of A
           She went from getting Cs and Ds to earning straight As.
     2. adv. To such an extent or degree.
           You’re not as tall as I am.
           It's not as well made, but it's twice as expensive.
     3. adv. In the manner or role specified.
           The kidnappers released him as agreed.
           The parties were seen as agreeing on a range of issues.
           He was never seen as the boss, but rather as a friend.
     4. adv. (dated) For example (compare such as).
     5. conj. In the same way that; according to what.
           Do as I say!
           I'm under a lot of pressure, as you know.
           As you wish, my lord!
     6. conj. At the same instant that; when.
           As I came in, she flew.
     7. conj. At the same time that; while.
           He sleeps as the rain falls.
     8. conj. Varying through time in the same proportion that.
           As my fear grew, so did my legs become heavy.
     9. conj. Being that, considering that, because, since.
           As it’s too late, I quit.
     10. conj. Introducing a basis of comparison, after as, so, or a comparison of equality.
           She's twice as strong as I was two years ago.
           It's not so complicated as I expected.
     11. conj. (dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive); ‘as though’, ‘as if’.
     12. conj. Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state with the verb elided; as if, as though.
     13. conj. (now England, US, regional) Functioning as a relative conjunction; that.
     14. conj. Expressing concession; though.
     15. conj. (obsolete, rare) Than.
     16. prep. Introducing a basis of comparison, with an object in the objective case.
           You are not as tall as me.
           They're big as houses.
     17. prep. In the role of.
           What is your opinion as a parent?
     18. n. (unit of weight) A libra.
     19. n. Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.
     20. n. plural of a
in
     1. prep. Used to indicate location, inclusion, or position within spatial, temporal or other limits.
     2. prep.          Contained by.
                   The dog is in the kennel.
     3. prep.          Within.
     4. prep.          Surrounded by.
                   We are in the enemy camp.   Her plane is in the air.
     5. prep.          Part of; a member of.
                   One in a million.   She's in band and orchestra.
     6. prep.          Pertaining to; with regard to.
                   What grade did he get in English?
                   Military letters should be formal in tone, but not stilted.
     7. prep.          At the end of a period of time.
                   They said they would call us in a week.
     8. prep.          Within a certain elapsed time
                   Are you able to finish this in three hours?   The massacre resulted in over 1000 deaths in three hours.
     9. prep.          During (said of periods of time).
                   in the first week of December;  Easter falls in the fourth lunar month;   The country reached a high level of prosperity in his fi
     10. prep.          (grammar, phonetics, of sounds and letters) Coming at the end of a word.
                   English nouns in -ce form their plurals in -s.
     11. prep. Into.
           Less water gets in your boots this way.
     12. prep. Used to indicate limit, qualification, condition, or circumstance.
           In replacing the faucet washers, he felt he was making his contribution to the environment.
     13. prep.          Indicating an order or arrangement.
                   My fat rolls around in folds.
     14. prep.          Denoting a state of the subject.
                   He stalked away in anger.   John is in a coma.
     15. prep.          Indicates, connotatively, a place-like form of someone's (or something's) personality, as his, her or its psychic and physical characteristics.
                   You've got a friend in me.   He's met his match in her.
     16. prep.          Wearing (an item of clothing).
                    I glanced over at the pretty girl in the red dress.
     17. prep. Used to indicate means, medium, format, genre, or instrumentality.
     18. prep.          (of something offered or given in an exchange) In the form of, in the denomination of.
                   Please pay me in cash — preferably in tens and twenties.
                   The deposit can be in any legal tender, even in gold.
                    Her generosity was rewarded in the success of its recipients.
     19. prep.          Used to indicate a language, script, tone, etc. of a text, speech, etc.
                   Beethoven's "Symphony No. 5" in C minor is among his most popular.
                   His speech was in French, but was simultaneously translated into eight languages.
                   When you write in cursive, it's illegible.
     20. v. (obsolete, transitive) To enclose.
     21. v. (obsolete, transitive) To take in; to harvest.
     22. adv. (not comparable) Located indoors, especially at home or the office, or inside something.
           Is Mr. Smith in?
     23. adv. Moving to the interior of a defined space, such as a building or room.
           Suddenly a strange man walked in.
     24. adv. (sports) Still eligible to play, e.g. able to bat in cricket and baseball.
           He went for the wild toss but wasn't able to stay in.
     25. adv. (UK) Abbreviation of in aid of.
           What's that in?
     26. adv. After the beginning of something.
     27. n. A position of power or a way to get it.
           His parents got him an in with the company
     28. n. (sport) The state of a batter/batsman who is currently batting – see innings
     29. n. A re-entrant angle; a nook or corner.
     30. adj. In fashion; popular.
           Skirts are in this year.
     31. adj. Incoming.
           the in train
     32. adj. (nautical, of the sails of a vessel) Furled or stowed.
     33. adj. (legal) With privilege or possession; used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin.
           in by descent; in by purchase; in of the seisin of her husband
     34. adj. (cricket) Currently batting.
     35. n. Inch.
a
     1. art. One; any indefinite example of; used to denote a singular item of a group.
           There was a man here looking for you yesterday.
     2. art. Used in conjunction with the adjectives score, dozen, hundred, thousand, and million, as a function word.
           I've seen it happen a hundred times.
     3. art. One certain or particular; any single.Brown, Lesley, (2003)
           We've received an interesting letter from a Mrs. Miggins of London.
     4. art. The same; one.
           We are of a mind on matters of morals.
     5. art. Any, every; used before a noun which has become modified to limit its scope; also used with a negative to indicate not a single one.Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)
           A man who dies intestate leaves his children troubles and difficulties.
           He fell all that way, and hasn't a bump on his head?
     6. art. Used before plural nouns modified by few, good many, couple, great many, etc.
     7. art. Someone or something like; similar to; Used before a proper noun to create an example out of it.
           The center of the village was becoming a Times Square.
     8. prep. (archaic) To do with position or direction; In, on, at, by, towards, onto.
           Stand a tiptoe.
     9. prep. To do with separation; In, into.
           Torn a pieces.
     10. prep. To do with time; Each, per, in, on, by.
           I brush my teeth twice a day.
     11. prep. (obsolete) To do with method; In, with.
     12. prep. (obsolete) To do with role or capacity; In.
           A God’s name.
     13. prep. To do with status; In.
           King James Bible (II Chronicles 2:18)
             To set the people a worke.
     14. prep. (archaic) To do with process, with a passive verb; In the course of, experiencing.
           1964, Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin’
             The times, they are a-changin'.
     15. prep. (archaic) To do with an action, an active verb; Engaged in.
           1611, King James Bible, Hebrews 11-21
             Jacob, when he was a dying
     16. prep. (archaic) To do with an action/movement; To, into.
     17. v. (archaic, or slang) Have.
           I'd a come, if you'd a asked.
     18. pron. (obsolete, outside, England, and Scotland dialects) He.
     19. interj. A meaningless syllable; ah.
     20. prep. (archaic, slang) Of.
           The name of John a Gaunt.
     21. adv. (chiefly Scotland) All.
     22. adj. (chiefly Scotland) All.
column
     1. n. (architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
     2. n. A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.
     3. n. A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
     4. n. A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.
           It was too hard to read the text across the whole page, so I split it into two columns.
     5. n. A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.
           Each column inch costs $300 a week; this ad is four columns by three inches, so will run $3600 a week.
     6. n. (by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.
           His initial foray into print media was as the author of a weekly column in his elementary-school newspaper.
     7. n. Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.
     8. n. (botany) The gynostemium
     9. n. (chemistry) An object used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.
a
     1. art. One; any indefinite example of; used to denote a singular item of a group.
           There was a man here looking for you yesterday.
     2. art. Used in conjunction with the adjectives score, dozen, hundred, thousand, and million, as a function word.
           I've seen it happen a hundred times.
     3. art. One certain or particular; any single.Brown, Lesley, (2003)
           We've received an interesting letter from a Mrs. Miggins of London.
     4. art. The same; one.
           We are of a mind on matters of morals.
     5. art. Any, every; used before a noun which has become modified to limit its scope; also used with a negative to indicate not a single one.Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)
           A man who dies intestate leaves his children troubles and difficulties.
           He fell all that way, and hasn't a bump on his head?
     6. art. Used before plural nouns modified by few, good many, couple, great many, etc.
     7. art. Someone or something like; similar to; Used before a proper noun to create an example out of it.
           The center of the village was becoming a Times Square.
     8. prep. (archaic) To do with position or direction; In, on, at, by, towards, onto.
           Stand a tiptoe.
     9. prep. To do with separation; In, into.
           Torn a pieces.
     10. prep. To do with time; Each, per, in, on, by.
           I brush my teeth twice a day.
     11. prep. (obsolete) To do with method; In, with.
     12. prep. (obsolete) To do with role or capacity; In.
           A God’s name.
     13. prep. To do with status; In.
           King James Bible (II Chronicles 2:18)
             To set the people a worke.
     14. prep. (archaic) To do with process, with a passive verb; In the course of, experiencing.
           1964, Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin’
             The times, they are a-changin'.
     15. prep. (archaic) To do with an action, an active verb; Engaged in.
           1611, King James Bible, Hebrews 11-21
             Jacob, when he was a dying
     16. prep. (archaic) To do with an action/movement; To, into.
     17. v. (archaic, or slang) Have.
           I'd a come, if you'd a asked.
     18. pron. (obsolete, outside, England, and Scotland dialects) He.
     19. interj. A meaningless syllable; ah.
     20. prep. (archaic, slang) Of.
           The name of John a Gaunt.
     21. adv. (chiefly Scotland) All.
     22. adj. (chiefly Scotland) All.
ruffle
     1. n. Any gathered or curled strip of fabric added as trim or decoration.
           She loved the dress with the lace ruffle at the hem.
     2. n. Disturbance; agitation; commotion.
           to put the mind in a ruffle
     3. n. (military) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, quieter than a roll; a ruff.
     4. n. (zoology) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oothecae, of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur.
     5. v. To make a ruffle in; to curl or flute, as an edge of fabric.
           Ruffle the end of the cuff.
     6. v. To disturb; especially, to cause to flutter.
           The wind ruffled the papers.
           Her sudden volley of insults ruffled his composure.
     7. v. (intransitive) To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent.
     8. v. (intransitive) To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.
     9. v. (intransitive) To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.
     10. v. To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.
     11. v. To erect in a ruff, as feathers.
     12. v. (military) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.
     13. v. To throw together in a disorderly manner.
etc
     1. adv. alternative form of etc.
Dictionary entries from Wiktionary