The Japanese word for time is
時間

じかん - jikan

time

Japanese Definition

回
1. counter. a turn, times around something
2. affix. turn; revolve
3. affix. return; go back
4. affix. time; occasion
5. affix. (dated) Hui; Islam
6. affix. alternative form of ja 蛔 t=roundworm; intestinal worm (kai)
7. counter. occurrences
一週間に二%回 - twice a week
8. counter. innings in baseball, games, rounds
9. counter. (Kansai) indicating year of university students
一回生 - freshmen (in university)
10. n. time, occasion
11. n. turn, round
12. n. episode, chapter
次回 - next episode
13. n. (baseball softball) inning
14. affix. turn; turn around

時間
1. n. time
時間はありますか？ - Do you have any time?
時間はいつでも大丈夫です。 - literally As for time, whenever is fine.
もうこんな時間！ - literally it's already this sort of time!
時間にルーズ - literally lax about time
時間と空間の関係 - the relationship between time and space
2. n. hour
1%時間は 60%分です。 - One hour is 60 minutes.
3. n. the hours or time when something happens
試験時間に遅れた - literally late to the time of the exam
営業時間は月火水、午前９%時から午後２%時までです。 - Business hours are Monday to Wednesday, 9 AM to 2 PM.
開館時間 - hours of operation
時間です！ - literally It's time!
閉園の時間です！ - literally It's time for our closing!
あまり時間がなくてすみません - sorry for not having the time to do something
4. n. Usage: The more general word for time, as in "when something happens", is 時.
Usage: * 海辺に行った時 - the time I went to the beach, when I went to the beach
5. counter. an hour-long period
一時間、二時間、五時間半 - one hour, two hours, five and a half hours
何時間もかかりそうです。 - Apparently it will take many hours.
6. n. (dialect Ibaraki) time
7. n. (dialect Ibaraki) hour
8. n. (dialect Ibaraki) the hours or time when something happens
9. counter. (dialect Ibaraki) an hour-long period

次
1. affix. next, secondary
2. affix. following
3. affix. Usage: Only found in compounds.
4. counter. number of times: an ordinal marker
第四次計画 - the fourth plan
5. counter. number in a sequence, number of aspects or dimensions
二次方程式、三次式 - a quadratic equation, a third order expression
6. n. (rare) order, sequence
7. n. Usage: Seldom found in isolation.
8. prefix. (attached to nouns) the next, secondary, vice-
次位、次長 - second rank, vice-director
9. prefix. (chemistry) hypo- (used to distinguish the oxidation levels of various acids)
亜塩素酸、次亜塩素酸、亜臭素酸、次亜臭素酸 - chlorous acid, hypochlorous acid, bromous acid, hypobromous acid
10. n. next, order, sequence, below
子供たちは次のように述べています。 - The children said as follows.
11. n. (Shinto) at the 大嘗祭 and other major Shintō ceremonies, refers to the group of regional representatives making offerings of sake and grain, who do so after the initial offering
12. n. order, sequence
13. n. follower, successor; the next thing in a sequence
14. n. a good opportunity to do something; doing something incidental to something else
15. n. Usage: The good opportunity sense is more often encountered as

度
1. n. time; whenever
2. counter. times
3. suffix. time
4. suffix. -itude
5. suffix. (geometry) degree of an angle
6. suffix. degree in temperature, scale, and so on
7. suffix. number of times
8. suffix. percentage of alcohol concentration
9. suffix. (topics, ja, Geometry)

時代
1. n. age, era, period (of time)
2. n. the times, spirit of the age
3. n. antiquity
4. n. a time in one's life, one's days (in college etc.)

時刻
1. n. time, the hour

時
1. n. time
時の流れ - the flow of time
2. n. an event, case, occasion, moment; a specific period in time
困った時は私に相談してください。 - Please consult with me when troubled (in times of trouble).
3. n. a time of something
4. n. a season
5. n. a tense
6. n. (literary) the time during which a narrative takes place
時は冬 - It was winter, ...
7. suffix. time of..., time for...
8. counter. hour, o’clock
時計を見ると、ちょうど１２%時３４%分５６%秒だった。 - When I looked at the clock, it was just 12:34 and 56 seconds.
9. suffix. at the time of...
10. affix. time, moment
11. affix. at that time, chance, occasion
12. affix. hour, hourly
13. n. (obsolete) (only used in, ja, 時過ぐ, tr=sada sugu): to pass through the prime of life, grow old