The Chinese word for father-in-law is
岳父

yue fu (yuè fù)

Chinese Definition

father-in-law
1. 公公
2. 翁
3. 岳父
Components
岳
1. (Alternative form *嶽) tall mountain
2. (historical) name of a mountain ((generally interpreted as Mount Song (Eno, 2009)))
3. parent-in-law
岳飛 - Yue Fei
4. Simplified form of 嶽
5. Variant of ?
父
1. father
父親 (fùqīn) - (formal) father
父母 (fùmǔ) - parents; father and mother
父子 (fùzǐ) - father and son
父女 (fùnǚ) - father and daughter
父輩 (fùbèi) - one's father's generation
家父 (jiāfù) - (humble) my father
生父 (shēngfù) - biological father
養父 (yǎngfù) - adoptive father
繼父 (jìfù) - stepfather
天父 (tiānfù) - (Christianity) Heavenly Father
國父 (guófù) - father of a nation; (specifically) Father of the Republic (Sun Yat-sen)
雜交水稻之父 (zájiāo shuǐdào zhī fù) - (specifically) Father of Hybrid Rice (Yuan Longping)
(ant, zh, 母)
2. (Used to address a male elder member of a family.)
祖父 (zǔfù) - paternal grandfather (one's father's father)
伯父 (bófù) - paternal uncle (father's elder brother)
叔父 (shūfù) - paternal uncle (father's younger brother)
岳父 (yuèfù) - father-in-law (wife's father)
舅父 (jiùfù) - maternal uncle (mother's brother)
姨父 (yífù) - maternal uncle (husband of mother's sister)
姑父 (gūfù) - paternal uncle (husband of father's sister)
(ant, zh, 母)
3. (literary, respectful) old man; elderly man
漁父fǔ (yúfǔ) - old fisherman
田父fǔ (tiánfǔ) - old farmer
4. (literary) Alternative form of 甫 ((honorific suffix used after a man's name;) courtesy name)
梁父fǔ山（梁甫山） (Liángfǔshān (Liángfǔshān)) - Mount Liangfu (alternately, Mount Liangfu) (in Shandong, China)

Translations for 父 and their definitions

公公
1. n. (Mandarin, Gan, Jin, Wu) father-in-law (husband's father)
2. n. (archaic) eunuch
3. n. (archaic) Grand Preceptor
4. n. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Gan, dialectal Wu) maternal grandfather
5. n. (dialectal Mandarin, Gan, dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Handan Jin, Min Bei, Xiang, dialectal Wu) paternal grandfather
6. n. old man; elderly man