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Conjugation of the Italian verb essere

A list of the common conjugations for the Italian verb essere, along with their English translations.

essere is an irregular verb

Infinitive		Scored
essere	to be

Present		Scored
io sono	I am
tu sei	you are
lui è	he is
lei è	she is
noi siamo	we are
voi siete	you are
loro sono	they are

Imperfect		Scored
io ero	I was being
tu eri	you were being
lui era	he was being
lei era	she was being
noi eravamo	we were being
voi eravate	you were being
loro erano	they were being

Past Historic / Passato remoto This is a literary tense, i.e. a tense used in writing, in everyday speech the Passato Prossimo is used to refer to past actions.		Scored
io fui	I was
tu fosti	you were
lui fu	he was
lei fu	she was
noi fummo	we were
voi foste	you were
loro furono	they were

Past / Passato prossimo		Scored
io sono stato	I was
tu sei stato	you were
lui è stato	he was
lei è stata	she was
noi siamo stati	we were
voi siete stati	you were
loro sono stati	they were
loro sono state	they were

Pluperfect / Trapassato prossimo		Scored
io ero stato	I had been
tu eri stato	you had been
lui era stato	he had been
lei era stata	she had been
noi eravamo stati	we had been
voi eravate stati	you had been
loro erano stati	they had been
loro erano state	they had been

Future		Scored
io sarò	I will be
tu sarai	you will be
lui sarà	he will be
lei sarà	she will be
noi saremo	we will be
voi sarete	you will be
loro saranno	they will be

Future Perfect / Futuro anteriore The Italian Future Perfect or Futuro anteriore is made with the future tense of avere for transitive verbs or essere for reflexive and intransitive verbs and the past participle of the verb. The past participle agrees with the subject for verbs that take essere, or with the direct object for verbs that take avere.		Scored
io sarò stato	I will have been
tu sarai stato	you will have been
lui sarà stato	he will have been
lei sarà stata	she will have been
noi saremo stati	we will have been
voi sarete stati	you will have been
loro saranno stati	they will have been
loro saranno state	they will have been

Conditional		Scored
io sarei	I would be
tu saresti	you would be
lui sarebbe	he would be
lei sarebbe	she would be
noi saremmo	we would be
voi sareste	you would be
loro sarebbero	they would be

Conditional Perfect / Condizionale Passato The Italian Conditional Perfect or Condizionale Passato is made with the conditional tense of avere for transitive verbs or essere for reflexive and intransitive verbs and the past participle of the verb. The past participle agrees with the subject for verbs that take essere, or with the direct object for verbs that take avere.		Scored
io sarei stato	I would have been
tu saresti stato	you would have been
lui sarebbe stato	he would have been
lei sarebbe stata	she would have been
noi saremmo stati	we would have been
voi sareste stati	you would have been
loro sarebbero stati	they would have been
loro sarebbero state	they would have been

Present Subjunctive		Scored
(... che) io sia	(... that) I am
(... che) tu sia	(... that) you are
(... che) lui sia	(... that) he is
(... che) lei sia	(... that) she is
(... che) noi siamo	(... that) we are
(... che) voi siate	(... that) you are
(... che) loro siano	(... that) they are

Imperfect Subjunctive		Scored
(... che) io fossi	(... that) I was being
(... che) tu fossi	(... that) you were being
(... che) lui fosse	(... that) he was being
(... che) lei fosse	(... that) she was being
(... che) noi fossimo	(... that) we were being
(... che) voi foste	(... that) you were being
(... che) loro fossero	(... that) they were being

Imperative		Scored
sii	Be
siamo	Let's be
siate	Be

Past Participle		Scored
stato	been

Regular conjugation

Irregular conjugation

Spelling change

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