| depuis |
| 1. prep. since | |
| On habite ici depuis l'an 2000. - We've lived here since the year 2000. | |
| 2. prep. since, ever since | |
| Depuis son arrivée à la tête du Barça, l'entraîneur catalan a tout gagné. - Ever since he took the helm of Barça, the Catalan coach has won everything. | |
| 3. prep. (regarding time) for ~ | |
| Je vis ici depuis trois ans. - I've lived here for three years. | |
| 4. prep. (regarding time) for the last ~, over the past ~ | |
| Le Marché Monétaire et Ses Crises depuis Cinquante Ans - The Money Market and Its Crises over the Last Fifty Years | |
| 5. prep. from | |
| Le train part depuis Stockholm. - The train leaves from Stockholm. | |
| 6. adv. (informal) ever since, since then | |
| peu |
| 1. adv. little; not very much/many | |
| Il est peu intelligent. - He is little intelligent. | |
| Pour obtenir de bons prix certains négociateurs emploieraient parfois des méthodes peu conventionnelles - To get good prices, certain negotiators sometimes employ unconventional methods | |
| 2. n-m. few | |
| peu de gens sont d'accord - few people agree | |
| Beaucoup sont appelés mais peu sont élus. - Many are called but few are elected. | |
| Le peu de services qu’il a rendus ont paru mériter une récompense. - The few services he gave seemed deserving of a reward. | |
| Le peu de qualités dont il a fait preuve l’a fait éconduire. | |
| 3. n-m. little | |
| un peu - a little | |
| Je te donne le peu d'argent que j'ai - I'll give you the little money I have | |
| Je n'aime pas beaucoup ce café mais j'en ai bu un peu - I don't like this coffee very much but I drank some of it | |
| Les galaxies lenticulaires ont perdu ou transformé la majorité de leur matière interstellaire, si bien qu'on n'y observe que très peu de formation d'étoiles, alors même qu'elles peuvent conteni | |
| depuis peu |
| 1. adv. for a short while, a short while ago, recently | |
| Jean |
| 1. Proper noun. John (biblical character). | |
| 2. Proper noun. John (book of the Bible). | |
| 3. Proper noun. (given name, male, from=Hebrew, eq=John), traditionally very popular in France, also common as the first part of hyphenated given names | |
| 4. Proper noun. surname, from=patronymics | |
| 5. n-m. a pair of jeans | |
| François |
| 1. Proper noun. given name, male, eq=Francis | |
| 2. Proper noun. surname, from=patronymics | |
| est |
| 1. adj. east | |
| 2. n-m. east | |
| 3. v. third-person singular present indicative of être | |
| être |
| 1. v. to be | |
| Vous devez être plus clairs. - You must be clearer. | |
| 2. v. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of (including all reflexive verbs) | |
| Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi. - After having gone to yoga, I came back home. | |
| 3. v. (semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice) | |
| Il peut être battu ce soir. - He can be beaten this evening. | |
| 4. n-m. being, creature | |
| 5. n-m. being, the state or fact of existence | |
| « |
|
| en |
| 1. prep. in (used to indicate space, also see usage notes) | |
| J'habite en Angleterre. - I live in England. | |
| 2. prep. to (indicates direction towards certain very large locations, see usage notes) | |
| Il est allé en France. - He went to France. | |
| 3. prep. by (used to indicate means) | |
| aller en bus - go by bus | |
| partir en voiture - leave by car | |
| 4. prep. as | |
| Il me traite en ami. - He treats me as a friend. | |
| habillé en père Noël - dressed as Father Christmas | |
| 5. prep. at (used to describe an ability) | |
| fort en histoire - good at history | |
| 6. prep. of, made of (used to describe composition) | |
| une chaise en hêtre - a chair made of beech/a beech chair | |
| une fourchette en métal - a fork made of metal/a metal fork | |
| 7. prep. in (during the following time (used for months and years)) | |
| en 1993 - in 1993 | |
| en janvier - in January | |
| en septembre 2001 - in September 2001 | |
| 8. prep. (followed by a gerund) while | |
| 9. prep. (followed by a gerund) by, in describing a way of getting something | |
| C'est en trichant qu'il est devenu champion. - It was by cheating that he became champion. | |
| 10. prep. in (used to describe color) | |
| une photo en noir et blanc - a photo in black and white | |
| 11. prep. in (used to describe feelings) | |
| en détresse - in distress | |
| 12. prep. in (as part of something) | |
| en équipe - on a team | |
| 13. pron. (Used as the object of a verb to indicate an indefinite quantity; of it, of them. Replaces the partitive article (du, de la, etc.)) | |
| Essaies-en ! - Try some (of it / them)! | |
| Tu as combien de livres ? J'en ai trois. - How many books do you have? I have three (of them). | |
| Y a-t-il beaucoup de pièces ? Oui. Il y en a beaucoup. - Are there many rooms? Yes, there are many (of them). | |
| Martin a trois sandwichs, mais j'en ai seulement deux. - Martin has three sandwiches, but I have only two (of them). | |
| Il y en a combien ? - How many of them are there? | |
| Je bois de l'alcool parce que j'en ai besoin - I drink alcohol because I need (of) it. | |
| 14. pron. Adverbial preposition indicating movement away from a place already mentioned; from there, from it. Replaces the phrase de là or d’ici. | |
| Est-ce qu'elle vient de Barcelone ? Oui, elle en vient. - Does she come from Barcelona? Yes, she comes (from there). | |
| conflit |
| 1. n-m. conflict (clash or disagreement) | |
| ouvert |
| 1. adj. open | |
| 2. adj. switched on | |
| 3. adj. (heraldry) of a building: having a door of a specified colour | |
| 4. Participle. past participle of ouvrir | |
| ouvrir |
| 1. v. to open | |
| 2. v. to begin, to initiate | |
| À peine arrivé, il a ouvert les hostilités. - He initiated hostilities almost as soon as he arrived. | |
| 3. v. to open (of a door or a flower) | |
| 4. v. to open, to begin | |
| La séquence s'ouvre sur une scène de nuit. - The sequence opens with a night scene. | |
| 5. v. to turn on, to switch on, to put on (of a device or an appliance) | |
| 6. v. to open it or the door, to answer it or the door, to get it | |
| On sonne à la porte. Je vais ouvrir. - There's someone at the door; I'll open/answer/get it. | |
| Sophie, ouvre-moi, je voudrais te parler ! - Sophie, open the door; I want to talk to you! | |
| Allez, arrête tes bêtises et va ouvrir à Patrick ; il doit avoir froid dehors. - Stop being silly and open the door for Patrick; he must be cold outside. | |
| 7. v. to cut something open, to gash something (of a part of one's body) | |
| Le gardien de but a plongé pour rattraper le ballon, s'est cogné contre le poteau et s'est ouvert l'arcade sourcilière. - The goalkeeper dived to catch the ball, banged himself on the goalpost | |
| 8. v. to open onto, to lead into (+ sur) | |
| Cette porte s'ouvre sur le jardin. - This door opens onto the garden. | |
| 9. v. to open onto, to overlook, to look onto (of a door or a window) (+ sur) | |
| La porte ouvre sur la rue. - The door opens onto the street. | |
| 10. v. to open up to, to be open to, to be exposed to, to get a feel for (+ à) | |
| Sa fille s'est ouverte à la musique sur le piano familial. - The girl got a feel for music playing her family's piano. | |
| 11. v. to open up to, to confide in (+ à) | |
| 12. v. to make, to create, to open up (e.g., a path) | |
| » |
|
| avec |
| 1. prep. (accompaniment) with | |
| Je suis revenu avec lui. - I have returned with him. | |
| Voudriez-vous y aller avec moi ? - Would you like to come with me? | |
| Ils m'ont dit qu'ils étaient avec toi. - They told me that they were with you. | |
| 2. prep. (manner, instrument) with | |
| Je l'ai fait avec plaisir. - I did it with pleasure. | |
| 3. adv. (informal) too, also | |
| Il en est vraiment content. —Bien, moi avec. - He's really happy about it. —Well, me too. | |
| son |
| 1. n-m. sound | |
| Le son de ce piano est agréable. (The sound of this piano is nice.) | |
| 2. det. (possessive) his, her, their, its (used to qualify masculine nouns and before a vowel) | |
| Elle a perdu son chapeau. - She lost her hat. | |
| Il a perdu son chapeau. - He lost his hat. | |
| J'aime son amie. - I like his/her girlfriend. | |
| La décision a été prise pendant son absence. - The decision was taken in her/his absence. | |
| 3. n-m. bran | |
| Ceci est du pain de son. - This bread is done with bran. | |
| Père |
| 1. Proper noun. (Christianity) Father, person of the Holy Trinity | |
| 2. Proper noun. (Christianity) Father, (title for priests) | |
| 3. n-m. father (parent) | |
| 4. n-m. father (clergyman) | |
| 5. n-m. Sr. (senior) (postnomial title used to indicate a father that shares the same name as the son) | |
| que |
| 1. conj. that (introduces a subordinate noun clause and connects it to its parent clause) | |
| Je vois que tu parles bien français. - I see that you speak French well. | |
| 2. conj. Substitutes for another, previously stated conjunction. | |
| Si le temps est beau et que tout le monde est d'accord, nous mangerons en plein air. - If the weather is nice and if everyone likes the idea, we'll eat outside. | |
| 3. conj. when, no sooner | |
| Il était à peine parti qu’elle a téléphoné à la police. - No sooner had he left when she called the police. | |
| 4. conj. (Links two noun phrases in apposition forming a clause without a (finite) verb, such that the complement acts as predicate.) | |
| 5. conj. introduces a comparison | |
| 6. conj. (comparisons of superiority or inferiority) than | |
| Il est plus grand que son père. - He is taller than his father. | |
| 7. conj. (comparisons of equality) as | |
| Elle est aussi intelligente que toi. - She is as smart as you. | |
| 8. conj. (used with ne) only, just; but, nothing but | |
| Je ne mange que des fruits. - I eat nothing but fruit. | |
| 9. conj. how (in rhetorical interjections) | |
| Que c'est beau! - How beautiful it is! | |
| Mais que t'es drôle, quoi. - Oh, how funny you are. | |
| 10. pron. (tlb, interrogative) | |
| 11. pron. (slightly formal, accusative) (The inanimate direct-object interrogative pronoun.) | |
| Que pensez-vous de cette peinture ? - What do you think of that painting? | |
| Qu'auriez-vous fait d'autre ? - What else would you have done? | |
| 12. pron. (slightly formal, nominative) (The inanimate subject or predicative interrogative pronoun.) | |
| Qu'est-il arrivé ? - What happened? | |
| Que me vaut cette visite ? - To what do I owe this visit? | |
| Que sommes-nous ? - What are we? | |
| 13. pron. (accusative, relative) (The direct object relative pronoun.) | |
| C'est un homme que je connais très bien. - He's a man whom I know very well. | |
| Je viens de lire la lettre que vous m'avez envoyée. - I've just read the letter that you sent me. | |
| il |
| 1. pron. he (third-person singular masculine subject pronoun for human subject) | |
| Il est parti. - He left. | |
| 2. pron. it (third-person singular subject pronoun for grammatically masculine objects) | |
| Je cherche mon livre. Où est-il ? - I'm looking for my book. Where is it? | |
| 3. pron. (impersonal pronoun) Impersonal subject; it | |
| Il pleut. - It’s raining. | |
| décrit |
| 1. Participle. past participle of décrire | |
| 2. v. third-person singular present indicative of décrire | |
| décrire |
| 1. v. to describe | |
| comme |
| 1. conj. as | |
| Je travaille comme artiste. - I work as an artist. | |
| 2. conj. like | |
| J'agis comme il faut. - I act like I must. | |
| 3. conj. how | |
| Comme tu es belle ce soir ! - How beautiful you are tonight! | |
| 4. conj. because, as, since | |
| Comme j'étais malade, il est venu me voir. - As I was ill, he came to see me. | |
| 5. part. (colloquial Canada) like | |
| intransigeant |
| 1. adj. intransigent, unaccommodating | |
| ne |
| 1. part. (literary) not (used alone to negate a verb; now chiefly with only a few particular verbs: see usage notes) | |
| 2. part. not, no (used before a verb, with a coordinating negative element usually following; see Usage Notes, below) | |
| 3. part. (Used in a subordinate clause before a subjunctive verb (especially when the main verb expresses doubt or fear), to provide extra overtones of doubt or uncertainty (but not negating its verb); the so- | |
| 4. part. In comparative clauses usually translated with the positive sense of the subsequent negative | |
| Apprendre le français est plus facile qu'on ne pense. - Learning French is easier than you (might) think. | |
| manifestant |
| 1. n-m. protester (someone participating in a protest) | |
| 2. Participle. present participle of manifester | |
| manifester |
| 1. v. to manifest or demonstrate | |
| 2. v. to protest (to speak out against something) | |
| jamais |
| 1. adv. (ne ... jamais) never | |
| Je ne l’ai jamais vue. - I’ve never seen her. | |
| 2. adv. ever | |
| Es-tu jamais allé en France ? - Have you ever been to France? | |
| ses |
| 1. det. his, her, its, their, one's (when referring to a plural noun) | |
| Alicia dîne chez ses parents. - Alicia is having dinner at her parents' house. | |
| Thomas a perdu ses clés. - Thomas has lost his keys. | |
| Tout le monde doit apporter ses documents. - Everyone needs to bring their documents. | |
| émotions |
| 1. n. plural of émotion | |
| émotion |
| 1. n-f. emotion | |
| lui |
| 1. pron. him, he; the third-person masculine singular personal pronoun used after a preposition, or as the predicate of a linking verb, or when disjoined from a sentence, or as a stressed subject | |
| J'habitais avec lui. - I was living with him. | |
| C'est lui qui a dit cela. - It was him who said that. | |
| Lui, il n'en sait rien. - He doesn't know anything about it. | |
| 2. pron. him, her; the third-person singular personal pronoun used as an indirect object | |
| Je lui ai donné le livre. - I gave the book to him/her. | |
| 3. Participle. past participle of luire | |
| interdisant |
| 1. Participle. present participle of interdire | |
| interdire |
| 1. v. to forbid, ban, prohibit | |
| 2. v. to interdict | |
| « |
|
| tout |
| 1. adv. all | |
| 2. det. all | |
| 3. n-m. whole, entirety, total | |
| le tout | |
| 4. pron. everything | |
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