| figuré |
| 1. adj. figurative | |
| 2. Participle. past participle of figurer | |
| c'est |
| 1. contraction. it is (used to define the preceding word) | |
| Le temps, c'est de l'argent. - Time is money. | |
| 2. contraction. it is (used to introduce a focus) | |
| 3. contraction. this is | |
| ce |
| 1. det. this, that | |
| 2. pron. (subject of être, with predicative adjectives or relative clauses, singular only) it, this, that (see § Usage notes, below) | |
| C'est beau ! - It is beautiful! | |
| est-ce que...? - is it that...? | |
| ce dont je parlais - that which I was speaking of | |
| C'eût été avec plaisir, mais... - It would have been with pleasure, but... | |
| C'eût été dommage... - It would have been a pity... | |
| 3. pron. (subject of être, with predicate nouns) he, she, it, this, that | |
| C'est un/une célébrité. - He/she is a celebrity. | |
| Ce sont des célébrités. - These are celebrities. | |
| Ce sont des gens bien. - These are good people. | |
| ce semble - it seems | |
| ce peuvent être... - these may be... | |
| est |
| 1. adj. east | |
| 2. n-m. east | |
| 3. v. third-person singular present indicative of être | |
| être |
| 1. v. to be | |
| Vous devez être plus clairs. - You must be clearer. | |
| 2. v. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of (including all reflexive verbs) | |
| Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi. - After having gone to yoga, I came back home. | |
| 3. v. (semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice) | |
| Il peut être battu ce soir. - He can be beaten this evening. | |
| 4. n-m. being, creature | |
| 5. n-m. being, the state or fact of existence | |
| autant |
| 1. adv. so much | |
| Pourquoi travaillez-vous autant ? - Why do you work so much? | |
| 2. adv. just as well, might as well/may as well | |
| Il faut le faire, alors autant le faire tout de suite. - It needs to be done, so we might as well do it right now. | |
| 3. adv. the same, as much | |
| Lors que Danièle prend ses études au sérieux, Adeline n'a pas le moindre intérêt à en faire autant. - Though Danièle takes her studies seriously, Adeline doesn't have the slightest interest in | |
| J'ai autant de puissance que lui. - I have as much power as he does. | |
| Elle mange autant que lui. - She eats as much as him. | |
| de |
| 1. prep. of (expresses belonging) | |
| Paris est la capitale de la France. - Paris is the capital of France. | |
| 2. prep. of (used to express property or association) | |
| Œuvres de Fermat - Fermat’s Works | |
| Elle est la femme de mon ami. - She is my friend’s wife. | |
| le voisin de Gabriel - Gabriel's neighbor | |
| 3. prep. from (used to indicate origin) | |
| Elle vient de France. - She comes from France. | |
| Êtes-vous de Suisse ? - Are you from Switzerland? | |
| Ce fromage vient d’Espagne. - This cheese is from Spain. | |
| C’est de l’ouest de la France. - It’s from the west of France. | |
| Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux. - The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux. | |
| 4. prep. of (indicates an amount) | |
| 5 kilos de pommes. - 5 kilograms of apples. | |
| Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
| Une portion de frites - A portion of fries | |
| 5. prep. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word | |
| Un jus de pomme - Apple juice | |
| Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
| Une boîte de nuit - A nightclub | |
| Un chien de garde - A guarddog | |
| Une voiture de sport - A sportscar | |
| Un stade de football - A football stadium | |
| 6. prep. from (used to indicate the start of a time or range) | |
| De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre. - From 9 to 11 I won’t be free. | |
| Je travaille de huit heures à midi. - I work from 8 o'clock to noon. | |
| un groupe de cinq à huit personnes - a group of from five to eight people | |
| 7. prep. used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translated into English as a gerund or an infinitive | |
| J’ai arrêté de fumer. - I stopped smoking. | |
| Il continue de m’embêter. - He keeps annoying me. | |
| Elle m’a dit de venir. - She told me to come. | |
| Nous vous exhortons de venir. - We urge you to come. | |
| 8. prep. by (indicates the amount of change) | |
| Boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. - Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illness by 20%. | |
| 9. art. Used in the plural with prepositioned adjectives. | |
| Ce sont de bons enfants. - They are good children. | |
| Il y a d’autres exemples. - There are other examples. | |
| 10. art. Used in negated sentences with the grammatical object. | |
| Elle n’a pas de mère. - She doesn’t have a mother. | |
| Il ne mange pas de viande. - He doesn’t eat meat. | |
| Il n’y a pas de problèmes. - There are no problems. | |
| 11. n-f. abbreviation of dame | |
| pris |
| 1. adj. taken | |
| 2. adj. occupied | |
| 3. v. first-person singular past historic of prendre | |
| 4. v. second-person singular past historic of prendre | |
| 5. Participle. past participle of prendre | |
| prendre |
| 1. v. to take | |
| prends ma main - take my hand | |
| 2. v. to eat; to drink | |
| elle prend un café - she is drinking a coffee | |
| 3. v. to get; to buy | |
| Je vais prendre le plat du jour. - I'll get the dish of the day. | |
| 4. v. to rob; to deprive | |
| prendre quelque chose à quelqu'un | |
| 5. v. to make | |
| prendre une décision - to make a decision | |
| prendre des mesures draconiennes - to take draconian measures | |
| 6. v. to catch, to work, to start | |
| le feu ne prend pas - the fire won't start | |
| la sauce ne prend pas - the sauce isn't thickening | |
| ma mayonnaise ne prend pas - my mayonnaise isn't setting | |
| ça ne prend pas avec moi - that won't wash with me | |
| 7. v. to get (something) caught (in), to jam | |
| je me suis pris la main dans la porte - I caught my hand in the door | |
| je me suis pris la porte dans la figure | |
| 8. v. indtr, à | |
| Qu'est-ce qui t'a pris ? Qu'est-ce qui t'est passé par la tête ? - What were you thinking? What got into you? What came over you? | |
| Qu'est-ce qui lui a pris ? Quelle mouche l'a piqué ? - What was he thinking? What got into him? | |
| bien lui en prit | |
| mal lui en prit | |
| 9. v. to start having a negative feeling towards someone | |
| prendre en aversion | |
| prendre en grippe | |
| prendre en dégoût | |
| 10. v. (followed by a partitive, in various idiomatic expressions) to gain | |
| prendre de la vitesse - to gain speed | |
| prendre du galon - to gain a promotion | |
| prendre de l'avance - to gain ground | |
| prendre du retard - to fall behind schedule, to run late, to drop behind | |
| prendre de la hauteur - to gain some perspective | |
| prendre du recul - to take a step back | |
| prendre de la bouteille - to gain experience | |
| en prendre de la graine - to take away a lesson | |
| prendre du poids - to gain weight | |
| prendre de la masse - to build muscle | |
| prendre de la brioche, prendre du bide, prendre du ventre - to get a paunch | |
| prendre du bouchon | |
| prendre de l'élan - to gain momentum | |
| prendre de l'âge | |
| prendre de la valeur - to gain value | |
| prendre de l'importance | |
| 11. v. (colloquial ; impersonal) to take (a certain amount of time) | |
| Ça va me prendre au moins deux heures pour le mettre à jour. | |
| 12. v. (colloquial ; impersonal ; by extension) to take (a certain number or amount of) | |
| Pour finir dans deux heures, ça prend trois personnes. - To finish in two hours, it'll take three people. | |
| 13. v. (impersonal) to come over (to arise in and gain some control over one's thoughts and/or actions) | |
| il prend quelque chose à quelqu'un - something comes over someone | |
| Il lui prend une fantaisie de mettre le feu à la maison. | |
| sur |
| 1. prep. on, upon | |
| 2. prep. on top of | |
| 3. prep. from on top of | |
| 4. prep. above | |
| 5. prep. out of | |
| sept sur dix - seven out of ten | |
| 6. prep. in the case of | |
| 7. prep. about, concerning | |
| 8. prep. (informal, France) in (a place) | |
| sur Paris - in Paris | |
| 9. adj. sour | |
| Le |
| 1. Proper noun. surname, from=Vietnamese | |
| 2. art. the (definite article) | |
| Le lait du matin. - The milk of the morning. | |
| 3. art. Used before abstract nouns; not translated in English. | |
| L'amour est aveugle. - Love is blind. | |
| 4. art. (before parts of the body) the; my, your, etc. | |
| Il s’est cassé la jambe. - He has broken his leg. | |
| 5. art. (before units) a, an | |
| Cinquante kilomètres à l’heure. - fifty kilometres an hour | |
| 6. pron. (direct object) him, it | |
| Où est Malik ? Je ne le vois pas. - Where is Malik? I don't see him. | |
| Mon sac ? Je vais le mettre dans la voiture. - My bag? I'm going to put it in the car. | |
| 7. pron. used to refer to something previously mentioned or implied; not translated in English | |
| Je suis petit et lui, il l’est aussi. - ... and he is it too | |
| ennemi |
| 1. adj. enemy | |
| feu ennemi - enemy fire | |
| 2. n-m. enemy | |
| Le mieux est l’ennemi du bien. - The better is the enemy of the good. | |
| c'est |
| 1. contraction. it is (used to define the preceding word) | |
| Le temps, c'est de l'argent. - Time is money. | |
| 2. contraction. it is (used to introduce a focus) | |
| 3. contraction. this is | |
| ce |
| 1. det. this, that | |
| 2. pron. (subject of être, with predicative adjectives or relative clauses, singular only) it, this, that (see § Usage notes, below) | |
| C'est beau ! - It is beautiful! | |
| est-ce que...? - is it that...? | |
| ce dont je parlais - that which I was speaking of | |
| C'eût été avec plaisir, mais... - It would have been with pleasure, but... | |
| C'eût été dommage... - It would have been a pity... | |
| 3. pron. (subject of être, with predicate nouns) he, she, it, this, that | |
| C'est un/une célébrité. - He/she is a celebrity. | |
| Ce sont des célébrités. - These are celebrities. | |
| Ce sont des gens bien. - These are good people. | |
| ce semble - it seems | |
| ce peuvent être... - these may be... | |
| est |
| 1. adj. east | |
| 2. n-m. east | |
| 3. v. third-person singular present indicative of être | |
| être |
| 1. v. to be | |
| Vous devez être plus clairs. - You must be clearer. | |
| 2. v. (auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of (including all reflexive verbs) | |
| Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi. - After having gone to yoga, I came back home. | |
| 3. v. (semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice) | |
| Il peut être battu ce soir. - He can be beaten this evening. | |
| 4. n-m. being, creature | |
| 5. n-m. being, the state or fact of existence | |
| toujours |
| 1. adv. always | |
| Il est toujours en retard. - He is always late. | |
| Parfois, peut-être même souvent, mais certainement pas toujours - Sometimes, maybe even often, but certainly not always | |
| 2. adv. still | |
| 3. adv. , A man who you might think came straight out of the Renaissance, and who was assassinated in 1975, for reasons which still haven't been elucidated. | |
| Je suis toujours là. - I'm still here. | |
| Elle n'est toujours pas revenue. - She still hasn't come back. | |
| avoir |
| 1. n-m. asset, possession | |
| 2. v. to have (to own; to possess) | |
| J'aimerais avoir 20 dollars. - I would like to have 20 dollars. | |
| 3. v. (auxiliary) to have (auxiliary verb to form compound past tenses of most verbs) | |
| J'ai parlé. - I have spoken, I spoke. | |
| Qu'est-ce que vous m'avez fait ? - What have you done to me? | |
| 4. v. to have (a condition) | |
| J'ai faim. - I have hunger. | |
| J'ai soif. - I have thirst. | |
| J'ai froid. - I have cold. | |
| J'ai chaud. - I have hot. | |
| J'ai la chiasse. - I have the shits. | |
| J'ai le rhume. - I have a cold. | |
| J'ai le SIDA. - I have AIDS. | |
| J'ai de la fièvre. - I've got a fever. | |
| 5. v. to have (a measure or age) | |
| Elle a 19 ans. - She has 19 years. | |
| 6. v. to have (to trick) | |
| Tu t'es fait avoir. - You've been had. | |
| 7. v. to have (to participate in an experience) | |
| avoir des relations sexuelles - to have sexual relations | |
| 8. v. (indtr, à) to have (to), must +preo, à, infinitive | |
| J'ai à vous parler. - I have to talk to you. | |
| obtenu |
| 1. Participle. past participle of obtenir | |
| quelque |
| 1. det. some (singular) | |
| avantage |
| 1. n-m. advantage (advantageous position) | |
| 2. n-m. (tennis) advantage | |
| avantager |
| 1. v. to favour | |
| 2. v. to give an advantage to | |
| avoir |
| 1. n-m. asset, possession | |
| 2. v. to have (to own; to possess) | |
| J'aimerais avoir 20 dollars. - I would like to have 20 dollars. | |
| 3. v. (auxiliary) to have (auxiliary verb to form compound past tenses of most verbs) | |
| J'ai parlé. - I have spoken, I spoke. | |
| Qu'est-ce que vous m'avez fait ? - What have you done to me? | |
| 4. v. to have (a condition) | |
| J'ai faim. - I have hunger. | |
| J'ai soif. - I have thirst. | |
| J'ai froid. - I have cold. | |
| J'ai chaud. - I have hot. | |
| J'ai la chiasse. - I have the shits. | |
| J'ai le rhume. - I have a cold. | |
| J'ai le SIDA. - I have AIDS. | |
| J'ai de la fièvre. - I've got a fever. | |
| 5. v. to have (a measure or age) | |
| Elle a 19 ans. - She has 19 years. | |
| 6. v. to have (to trick) | |
| Tu t'es fait avoir. - You've been had. | |
| 7. v. to have (to participate in an experience) | |
| avoir des relations sexuelles - to have sexual relations | |
| 8. v. (indtr, à) to have (to), must +preo, à, infinitive | |
| J'ai à vous parler. - I have to talk to you. | |
| tiré |
| 1. n-m. (music) down bow | |
| 2. Participle. past participle of tirer | |
| quelque |
| 1. det. some (singular) | |
| parti |
| 1. adj. (heraldry) divided into two equal parts vertically, per pale; said of an escutcheon | |
| 2. adj. (colloquial) drunk | |
| 3. n-m. (politics) party | |
| 4. n-m. parti | |
| 5. n-m. course of action | |
| 6. Participle. past participle of partir | |
| partir |
| 1. v. (obsolete, transitive) to share, to share out, to divide | |
| Avoir maille à partir avec quelqu'un. - To have scores to settle with someone, to have a bone to pick with someone. | |
| 2. v. to go away, leave, depart | |
| 3. v. to originate | |
| Toutes les artères partent du cœur. - All arteries originate from the heart. | |
| 4. v. to die | |
| Il ne s'est pas vu partir - He has not seen death | |
| 5. v. to emanate | |
| Cette croyance est partie d'un mauvais principe. - This belief emanates from an evil principle. | |
| 6. v. (Quebec, informal, transitive) to start | |
| partir une affaire - to start a business | |
| de |
| 1. prep. of (expresses belonging) | |
| Paris est la capitale de la France. - Paris is the capital of France. | |
| 2. prep. of (used to express property or association) | |
| Œuvres de Fermat - Fermat’s Works | |
| Elle est la femme de mon ami. - She is my friend’s wife. | |
| le voisin de Gabriel - Gabriel's neighbor | |
| 3. prep. from (used to indicate origin) | |
| Elle vient de France. - She comes from France. | |
| Êtes-vous de Suisse ? - Are you from Switzerland? | |
| Ce fromage vient d’Espagne. - This cheese is from Spain. | |
| C’est de l’ouest de la France. - It’s from the west of France. | |
| Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux. - The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux. | |
| 4. prep. of (indicates an amount) | |
| 5 kilos de pommes. - 5 kilograms of apples. | |
| Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
| Une portion de frites - A portion of fries | |
| 5. prep. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word | |
| Un jus de pomme - Apple juice | |
| Un verre de vin - A glass of wine | |
| Une boîte de nuit - A nightclub | |
| Un chien de garde - A guarddog | |
| Une voiture de sport - A sportscar | |
| Un stade de football - A football stadium | |
| 6. prep. from (used to indicate the start of a time or range) | |
| De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre. - From 9 to 11 I won’t be free. | |
| Je travaille de huit heures à midi. - I work from 8 o'clock to noon. | |
| un groupe de cinq à huit personnes - a group of from five to eight people | |
| 7. prep. used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translated into English as a gerund or an infinitive | |
| J’ai arrêté de fumer. - I stopped smoking. | |
| Il continue de m’embêter. - He keeps annoying me. | |
| Elle m’a dit de venir. - She told me to come. | |
| Nous vous exhortons de venir. - We urge you to come. | |
| 8. prep. by (indicates the amount of change) | |
| Boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. - Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illness by 20%. | |
| 9. art. Used in the plural with prepositioned adjectives. | |
| Ce sont de bons enfants. - They are good children. | |
| Il y a d’autres exemples. - There are other examples. | |
| 10. art. Used in negated sentences with the grammatical object. | |
| Elle n’a pas de mère. - She doesn’t have a mother. | |
| Il ne mange pas de viande. - He doesn’t eat meat. | |
| Il n’y a pas de problèmes. - There are no problems. | |
| 11. n-f. abbreviation of dame | |
| une |
| 1. num. feminine singular of un | |
| 2. art. a / an (feminine indefinite article) | |
| 3. n-f. front page (of a publication) | |
| mauvaise |
| 1. adj. feminine singular of mauvais | |
| mauvais |
| 1. adj. bad | |
| 2. adj. wrong, incorrect | |
| Il a choisi la mauvaise réponse. - He chose the wrong response. | |
| affaire |
| 1. n-f. business; matter; affair | |
| affaire importante - important business | |
| C'est une affaire d'honneur. - It is a matter of honor. | |
| C'est l'affaire d'une minute. - It's a matter of a minute. | |
| C'est mon affaire, pas la vôtre. - It's my business, not yours. | |
| 2. n-f. deal, transaction, bargain | |
| conclure une affaire - to close a deal | |
| 3. n-f. business, enterprise | |
| monter une affaire - to set up a business | |
| Ils ont repris l'affaire familiale. - They took over the family business. | |
| 4. n-f. affair, scandal | |
| l'affaire Dreyfus - the Dreyfus affair | |
| Affaire Fillon - Fillon affair | |
| 5. n-f. (law) case, trial | |
| L'affaire O.J. Simpson fut une des plus médiatisées. - The O. J. Simpson case was one of the most publicized. | |
| 6. n-f. (informal) things; stuff | |
| 7. n-f. (informal, chiefly in the plural) belonging (something physical that is owned) | |
| 8. n-f. (informal, Quebec) thingamajig | |
| 9. n-f. (informal, Louisiana French) thing | |
